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Remember, BCE runs backwards - the bigger number is earlier. So we read this from the top down.
| When | What happened |
|---|---|
| 7000 BCE | NEOLITHIC Farming villages begin (Mehrgarh) |
| 4500 BCE | CHALCOLITHIC Copper extracted from its ores |
| 3300 BCE | BRONZE AGE begins EARLY HARAPPAN Walls around settlements seals, beads, scratched marks |
| 2600 BCE | MATURE HARAPPAN The full civilisation Towns and cities emerge |
| 1900 BCE | LATE HARAPPAN The civilisation declines |
| 1300 BCE | Late Harappan ends |
| 1000 BCE | — |
Reading it:
- The civilisation had a long build-up . Neolithic roots from 7000 BCE, then Chalcolithic and Early Harappan, then the mature city phase.
- The Mature Harappan stage ran from 2600 to 1900 BCE . This was the city phase.
