Birth Control

What is Birth Control?

  • The sexual act always has the potential to lead to pregnancy.
  • Pregnancy will make major demands on the mind and body of a female , and if she is not ready, it may have adverse effects.
  • Also, all the resources are limited, therefore if the populations keep on expanding, it will become difficult to improve the standard of living of people.
  • Because of these reasons, many techniques have been devised to avoid pregnancy .
  • These are known as methods of contraception/birth control .

Methods of Birth Control

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Barrier Methods

  • These include the use of physical devices like condoms and diaphragms in order to prevent pregnancy. 
  • Condoms are used by males whereas diaphragms are for females. 
  • They both prevent the meeting of sperm and ovum by acting as a barrier between them.
  • One of the major advantages of using physical barriers is that they prevent the transmission of STDs by preventing the transfer of body fluids .

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Chemical Methods

  • Oral and vaginal pills and Intra Uterine Contraceptive Devices (IUCDs) come under chemical methods of contraception.
  • Oral pills contain hormones which prevent the production of ovum (egg). Although these pills have certain side effects , it is considered a very effective way of preventing fertilization.
  • Vaginal pills contain spermicides (cide means ‘to kill’) which are certain chemicals that kill sperms.
  • IUCDs like copper-T are also a very effective contraceptive. Copper-T is placed in the uterus by a doctor and it prevents the implantation (the process in which an embryo is embedded in the lining of the uterus) of a fertilized egg in the uterus. 
  • However, these methods cannot prevent the transmission of STDs.

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Surgical Methods

  • These are permanent ways for contraception and are available for both males and females.
  • In females, this surgical process is known as tubectomy . In this, the fallopian tube is cut and the ends are tied.
  • For males, this surgical process is called vasectomy in which vas deferens is cut and the ends joined together.
  • But surgeries can cause infections or other complications if not performed properly.

Note: Surgical methods can also be used for removal of unwanted pregnancies . However, this can be misused by people to particularly get rid of girl child. This is also known as female foeticide.

Because of excessive female foeticide, the male-female sex ratio has been disturbed and therefore, government has banned prenatal sex determination. 

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Transcript

BIRTH CONTROL METHODS Barrier Methods Chemical Methods Surgical Methods

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Maninder Singh

CA Maninder Singh is a Chartered Accountant for the past 13 years and a teacher from the past 17 years. He teaches Science, Economics, Accounting and English at Teachoo