Cropping pattern - Concepts - Chapter 4 Class 10 Geography - Agriculture - Geography

• Several different kinds of food and fibre crops, vegetables and fruits, spices and sauces, etc. are among the significant crops farmed in the country.
• India has three cropping seasons.

Rabi 

• Rabi crops are sown in winter from October to December and harvested in summer from April to June.
• Precipitation during winter due to western temperate cyclones helps these crops to grow .
• Success of the green revolution in Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh, and some areas of Rajasthan also influenced the growth of rabi crops .
• Examples : wheat, barley, peas, gram, and mustard .

Kharif 

• Kharif crops are grown with the onset of monsoon and these are harvested in September-October .
• Examples: paddy, maize, jawar, tur (arhar), moong, urad, cotton, jute etc.
• Rice growing regions : Assam, West Bengal, coastal regions of Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Konkan coast( Maharashtra).
•  In states like Assam, West Bengal, and Odisha , three crops of paddy are grown in a year , namely Aus , Aman and Boro .

Zaid

• Zaid crops are sown between the rabi and Kharif seasons i.e from March to June.
• Crops produced during Zaid season : watermelon, muskmelon, fodder crops, cucumber, etc.