Test Yourself

Answer each one in your head first, then tap Show answer to check.

1. Name the three main layers of the Earth, from outside to inside.
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   Crust, mantle and core.
2. What two parts together make up the lithosphere?
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   The crust and the upper part of the mantle.
3. What allows the tectonic plates to move?
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   The soft, semi-molten asthenosphere beneath them.
4. Name the three types of tectonic plates.
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   Continental, oceanic and mixed.
5. What force inside the Earth drives plate movement?
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   Convection currents in the hot mantle.
6. What landform forms where two plates collide (a convergent boundary)?
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   Fold mountains, such as the Himalayas (and sometimes volcanoes).
7. Where do most earthquakes and volcanoes occur?
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   Along plate boundaries, especially the Ring of Fire around the Pacific.
8. How is weathering different from erosion?
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   Weathering only breaks rock in place; erosion also carries the broken pieces away.
9. Name the three types of weathering.
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   Physical, chemical and biological.
10. What is the third step after weathering and erosion?
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    Deposition — the dropping of material to build new landforms.
11. Name the five agents of gradation.
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    Running water, waves, glaciers, wind and underground water.
12. What fertile, fan-shaped landform does a river build at its mouth?
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    A delta.
13. What does GLOF stand for?
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    Glacial Lake Outburst Flood.
14. Which disaster is a sudden slide of snow down a steep slope?
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    An avalanche.