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What are the factors affecting the climate of India?
Answer:
Points to Remember
Answer to be written in exam
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The climate of any region is controlled by major six factors.
-
Latitude -
The temperature decreases from the Equator towards the Pole
s.
Places located on
lower latitudes
are
hotter
than places located on higher latitudes. Solar energy is present at a higher rate in lower latitudes.
-
Altitude -
The
atmosphere
becomes
less dense
and the
temperature
decreases as one ascend from the earth's surface to higher altitudes. As a result, the hills are cooler in the summer.
-
Pressure and wind system -
The
pressure and wind systems
of any location are
determined
by their
latitude
and
altitude.
As a result, it has an impact on the temperature and rainfall pattern.
-
Distance from the sea (continentality) -
Sea has a moderating influence on the climate. As the
distance from the ocean or sea increases,
its
moderating influence decreases
,
and
extreme weather conditions are experienced
, i.e., very hot in summer and very cold in winter.
-
Ocean currents - Ocean currents
and
onshore winds
influence coastal climate
. For example, any coastal area with warm or cold currents flowing past it will be warmed or cooled if the winds are onshore.
- Relief features - It plays an important role in determining a location's climate. High mountains act as barriers to cold or hot winds; if they are high enough and in the path of rain-bearing winds, they may also cause precipitation. Mountains on the leeward side remain relatively dry.
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