Maharashtra is a state located in western India, with a population of over 110 million people. The state is home to several large cities, including Mumbai, and has a significant agricultural sector. However, the state is facing a severe water crisis, with its water resources coming under increasing pressure due to climate change, industrialization, and urbanization. The main challenges faced by water resource management in Maharashtra are:
i. Overexploitation of groundwater: Maharashtra is one of the most groundwater-stressed states in India, with the demand for water exceeding the supply. Overexploitation of groundwater for agriculture and urban use has led to a decline in water levels, which has severe implications for the sustainability of water resources.
ii. Pollution of surface water: Industrialization and urbanization have led to the pollution of surface water bodies such as rivers and lakes. The pollution has led to water quality degradation, which poses risks to human health and the environment.
iii. Inefficient irrigation practices: The agricultural sector is the largest user of water in Maharashtra, accounting for around 80% of total water use. However, traditional irrigation practices such as flood irrigation are inefficient and lead to the wastage of water.
Propose any one solution to mitigate the water crisis faced by Maharashtra state.
Answer by Student
Answer:
One possible solution to mitigate the water crisis faced by Maharashtra state is to:
- Adopt efficient irrigation practices such as drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation, which can save water and increase crop productivity.
Detailed Answer by Teachoo
One possible solution to mitigate the water crisis faced by Maharashtra state is to:
- Adopt efficient irrigation practices such as drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation , which can save water and increase crop productivity.
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Drip irrigation
is a method of irrigation where water is delivered directly to the roots of the plants through a network of pipes, tubes, and emitters. The water is applied at a low pressure and in small quantities, which minimizes water loss due to runoff and evaporation.
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Sprinkler irrigation
is a method of irrigation where water is sprayed over the plants through a system of sprinklers or nozzles. The water is applied at a high pressure and in large droplets, which simulate natural rainfall.
- Both drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation are more efficient and effective than flood irrigation, as they use less water and cover more area . They also improve the soil moisture and nutrient content, which enhances the crop quality and yield. They also reduce the risk of soil erosion and salinity, which affect the soil fertility and productivity.
