What is Unemployment?
Unemployment means:- A situation where Person is willing to work and is Capable of Working but is not able to get work at Prevailing wage Rate
Who is an unemployed person as per economists?
An unemployed person is a person who does not get employment of even
1 hour in half a day
(2 hours per day)
What are different types of Unemployment?
Open Unemployment
It is the general case of unemployment
Here, the person is willing to work and have the capability to work but is unable to find job
Disguised Unemployment
It is an unemployment in which More people are working in a job than actually needed
Example -
In agriculture, a villager employs his whole family for work on farm
But there is actual requirement of only 1-2 persons
Hence, more people are working on a work than needed
This is disguised unemployment
Seasonal Unemployment
It is an unemployment in which Persons do not have work during a particular time of year
Example -
In villages, there is more work to be done during the time of sowing and harvesting
In other months, labour is free
So they migrate to cities in search of work
Other Types of Unemployment (Not in Syllabus)
-
Cycical Unemployment
It is unemployemnt due to market fluctuations like recession, lockdown etc
In this case, people are not able to work as there are no or very little jobs in market
-
Technical Unemployment
Here, People are not able to find jobs because of advancement in technology
People do not have relevant skills to work in new technology
What are Different Sources of Data for Unemployment?
Census of India Reports
National Sample Survey Office Reports of Employment and Unemployment Situation
Annual Reports of Periodic Labour Force Survey
Date of Registration with Employment Exchange
NCERT Questions
Question 19
Victor is able to get work only for two hours in a day.
Rest of the day, he is looking for work.
Is he unemployed?
Why?
What kind of jobs could persons like Victor be doing?
View AnswerNo, Victor is not unemployed
An unemployed person is a person who does not get employment of even 1 hour in half a day
i.e 2 hours per day.
As Victor is getting 2 hours per day, he is not unemployed
He is a casual workers doing temporary jobs
Other Books
Question 1
State any four cases of unemployment in India.
View AnswerCauses of unemployment:
- Increase in population has led to unemployment on a massive scale in the country
-
Indian economy is underdeveloped and the rate of economic growth is very slow.
As a result, not enough employment opportunities are generated - Jobless growth of Indian economy
- Inadequate infrastructure facilities
Question 2
Discuss the different sources of unemployment data.
View AnswerDifferent sources of unemployment data:
- Census of India Reports
- National Sample Survey Office Reports of Employment and Unemployment Situation
- Annual Reports of Periodic Labour Force Survey
- Date of Registration with Employment Exchange
Question 3
Discuss the concept of "Disguised Unemployment".
View AnswerDisguised unemployment is an unemployment in which more people are working in a job than actually needed.
Example-
In agriculture, a villager employs his whole family for work on farm
But there is actual requirement of only 1-2 persons
Hence, more people are working on a work than needed
This is disguised unemployment
