Different Constituents of Petroleum and its Uses

Petroleum occurs deep inside the surface the earth, first we extract that petroleum and then we refine it

What is Refining of Petroleum?

It is the process of Separating Petroleum into different products like LPG, Petrol, Diesel

It is done in a petroleum refinery.

Explanation

Petroleum (Crude Oil) obtained from rocks inside the earth is actually a mixture of many substances

It is refined in Refinery to obtain separately different components like Diesel, Petrol , Kerosene etc

Different Constituents or Types of Petroleum

Petroleum (Crude Oil) obtained from rocks inside the earth is actually a mixture of many substances

It is refined in Refinery to obtain separately different components like Diesel,Petrol ,Kerosene etc

These different components have different uses as shown below

Petrol

1. It is used as a fuel in light weight vehicles(such as cars.motorcycle and scooters)
2. It is used for dry cleaning

Diesel

1. It is used as a fuel in heavy weight vehicles (such as buses,truck,tractors and train)
2. It is used in pump sets for irrigation and generators

Kerosene

1. It is used as a fuel in stoves for cooking food
2. It is used in lanterns for lighting
3. Special grade kerosene oil is used as a fuel in aviation

Lubricating Oil

1. It is used for lubricating machines and car engines

LPG          

1. Used in homes as a cooking gas

Paraffin Wax

1. It is used to make candles,vaseline,Ointments and grease

Bitumen

1. It is used for making road surfacing
2. It is used for making black paints
3. It is used for water-proofing the roofs

Various Constituents of Petroleum and their Uses  

Questions

NCERT Question 2 - Name the petroleum product used for surfacing of roads.

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NCERT Question 4 (b) - Fill in the blanks.

Process of separation of different constituents from petroleum is called _________.

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NCERT Question 5 (e) - Tick True/False against the following statements. 

Kerosene is not a fossil fuel. (T/F)

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