- The atmosphere is a gravity-held blanket of gases around the Earth.
- It is mostly nitrogen and oxygen , arranged in five layers.
- Weather is short-term; climate is the long-term average.
- Pressure differences create wind , land and sea breezes.
- India’s climate is dominated by the monsoon .
- Climate change is now reshaping this system through human activity.
- The Punjab floods of 2025 showed how monsoon, rivers and human planning connect.
Before we move on…
Last updated at August 31, 2026 by Teachoo