You must have noticed a general trend in living beings :

Each generation of a living being is followed by the next generation belonging to the same species.

  • An apple seed if sown results in the growth of an apple tree only. 
  • Only a chick hatches out of an egg laid by a hen
  • A human being gives birth to another human being only

 

But if you take a closer look, you will see that;

  • Some organisms do not look different from one another
    • For example - In a sunflower garden, all sunflowers look very similar to each other and we find very little variation among the individual plants
  • Some possess certain basic characteristics but organisms evidently vary from one another
    • For example - Human beings generally have the same physiology: 2 hands, 2 legs, 2 eyes, 1 nose etc. However different human beings look evidently different from one another.

 

Why is this so?

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Maninder Singh

CA Maninder Singh is a Chartered Accountant for the past 13 years and a teacher from the past 17 years. He teaches Science, Economics, Accounting and English at Teachoo