You are here
Here is a quick visual recap of the chapter, followed by short definitions of every key term.
Concept Map
The concept map below shows how the chapter's main ideas connect. Each arrow is labelled with a phrase that tells you the relationship between the two concepts.
How to read this map:
each
arrow
shows a relationship, and the
phrase on the arrow
tells you HOW two concepts are connected (e.g.,
"is classified as"
,
"is caused by"
,
"subtype is"
).
Legend
Root concept
Main category
Property / outcome
Sub-type / specific
ADOLESCENCE
is classified as
Physical & Reproductive Changes
leads to
Body changes
(height, voice, hair)
(height, voice, hair)
leads to
Reproductive maturity
(Puberty)
(Puberty)
Emotional & Behavioural
includes
Mood swings
includes
Strong emotions
(sensitivity)
(sensitivity)
Reproductive maturity
⇆ controlled by ⇆
Hormones
↓ Healthy practices & the 'why' ↓
Healthy Practices
requires
5 Pillars
(diet, hygiene, activity, social, no harm)
(diet, hygiene, activity, social, no harm)
Hormones
(the 'why')
trigger
Brain signals
(release hormones)
(release hormones)
↓ Sub-types ↓
Physical Changes
subtype is
Pimples (acne)
(oily skin)
Voice change
(Adam's apple)
Menstruation
(28–30 day cycle)
Things to Avoid
opposite of healthy
Substance abuse
(tobacco, alcohol, drugs)
Cyberbullying
(online harassment)
Key Terms and Definitions
- Adolescence
- It is the stage of development between childhood and adulthood. It usually starts around 10 years of age and can continue up to the age of 19 years.
- Voice Box
- It is a structure in our throat that helps us to speak. During adolescence in boys, it grows and may form a visible bump called the Adam's apple.
- Adam's Apple
- It is the bump in the throat region of adolescent boys, formed due to the growth of the voice box.
- Acne
- It is a skin condition during adolescence in which small, reddish pimples appear, commonly on the face. It occurs due to an increase in oily secretions that clog skin pores.
- Pimples
- They are the small, reddish spots on the skin and are a manifestation of the skin condition called acne.
- Secondary Sexual Characteristics
- They are the characteristic changes during adolescence that help distinguish males from females but are not directly involved in reproduction.
- Puberty
- It is the stage in which the body of an adolescent undergoes external and internal changes to develop into an adult capable of reproduction.
- Menstrual Cycle
- It is an important internal change in adolescent girls — a natural process that recurs generally every 28–30 days, more commonly known as 'the period'.
- Menstruation
- It is the phase of the menstrual cycle when blood discharge occurs from the body. It may last for three to seven days.
- Mood Swings
- It means rapid changes in emotions during adolescence — feeling very energetic and happy on some days, low on other days.
- Substance Abuse
- It is the harmful pattern where, once a person starts consuming addictive substances such as tobacco, alcohol, or drugs, they develop a strong urge to take them again and again, and start using them regularly.
- Cyberbullying
- It involves the use of digital devices such as phones, computers, or online platforms to harass others by sending misleading messages, spreading false rumours, or sharing personal information without consent.
- Sanitary Pad
- It is a product designed to maintain menstrual hygiene by absorbing menstrual flow. Reusable cloth pads and biodegradable sanitary pads are also available.
- Hormones
- They are certain chemicals produced in our bodies. They regulate various aspects of growth and development, and are released in response to signals from the brain.
- Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan
- It is the Drug-Free India Campaign launched by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment to spread awareness about avoiding substance abuse. The National De-addiction Helpline is 14446.
- Menstrual Hygiene Scheme (MHS)
- It is a Government of India scheme that provides sanitary pads free of charge or at a reduced price to adolescent girls in rural areas, along with awareness programmes.
