Question 3 (ii) - NCERT Questions - Chapter 5 Class 9 Geography - Natural Vegetation and Wildlife - Geography

Tropical Evergreen Forests:

Topical Deciduos Forests:

Tropical Evergreen forests are restricted to heavy rainfall areas of the Western Ghats and the island groups of Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar, upper parts of Assam and Tamil Nadu coast.

They are also called monsoon forests and spread over the region receiving rainfall between 200 cm and 70 cm.

They do best where there is a short dry season and more than 200 cm of rainfall each year.

Trees of this forest type shed their leaves for about six to eight weeks in dry summer. These forests are further divided into moist and dry deciduous.

The trees rise to g reat heights of up to 60 meters or higher.

Moist forests -These are found in areas receiving rainfall between 200 and 100 cm.

These forests exist, therefore, mostly in the eastern part of the country — northeastern states, along the foothills of the Himalayas, Jharkhand, West Odisha, and Chhattisgarh, and on the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats.

Teak is the most dominant species of this forest.

Bamboos, sal, shisham, sandalwood, Khair, Kusum, Arjun, and mulberry are other commercially important species.

Commercially important trees of this forest are ebony, mahogany, rosewood, rubber, and cinchona.

The common animals f ound in these forests are elephant, monkeys, lemurs,s and deer. One-horned rhinoceroses are found in the jungles of Assam and West Bengal.

• The dry deciduous forests - are found in areas having rainfall between 100 cm and 70 cm.

These forests are found in the rainier parts of the Peninsular plateau and the plains of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.

There are open stretches, in which teak, sal, peepal, and neem grow.

In these forests, the common animals found are lions, tigers, pigs, deer, and elephants.