Question 6 - NCERT Questions - Chapter 2 Class 9 History - Socialism in Europe & Russian Revolution - History

Question 6.1

Write a few lines to show what you know about kulaks.

Answer:

Answer to be written

1. It’s a Russian word for well-to-do peasants who, according to Stalin were holding stocks of grains in the hope of higher prices.
2. In 1928 , Party members toured the grain-producing areas , supervising enforced grain collections , and raiding ‘kulaks’.
3. To develop modern farms , and run them along industrial lines with machinery , it was necessary to ‘eliminate kulaks’ , take away land from peasants , and establish state-controlled large farms .
4. What followed was Stalin’s collectivisation programme .

Question 6.2

Write a few lines to show what you know about the Duma

Answer:

Answer to be written

• During the 1905 Revolution , the Tsar allowed the creation of an elected consultative Parliament or Duma .

• The first Duma was dismissed by The Tsar within 75 days and the second Duma was re-elected within three months .

• Tsar did not want any questioning of his authority or any reduction in his power.  

• He changed the voting laws and packed the third Duma with conservative politicians .

Question 6.3

Write a few lines to show what you know about the women workers between 1900 and 1930 

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Answer:

Answer to be written

1. Women made up 31 per cent of the factory labour force by 1914 , but they were paid less than men (between half and three-quarters of a man’s wage).
2. In many factories, women led the way to strikes . This came to be called International Women’s Day .

Question 6.4

Write a few lines to show what you know about the Liberals 

Answer:

Answer to be written

1. Liberals wanted a nation which tolerated all religions . 
2. They opposed the uncontrolled power of dynastic rulers .
3. They wanted to safeguard the rights of individuals against governments . 
4. They argued for a representative, elected parliamentary government, subject to laws interpreted by a well-trained judiciary that was independent of rulers and officials .

Question 6.5

Write a few lines to show what you know about Stalin’s collectivisation programme.

Answer:

Answer to be written

1. By 1927- 1928 , the towns in Soviet Russia were facing an acute problem with grain supplies .
2. As shortages continued, the decision was taken to collectivise farms . 
3. It was argued that grain shortages were partly due to the small size of holdings . 
4. From 1929 , the Party forced all peasants to cultivate in collective farms ( kolkhoz ). 
5. The bulk of land and implements were transferred to the ownership of collective farms . 
6. Peasants worked on the land , and the kolkhoz profit was shared .

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