Timeline - Concepts - Chapter 2 Class 9 History - Socialism in Europe & Russian Revolution - History

Fun Fact:

• Russia followed the Julian calendar until 1 February 1918 . 
• The country then changed to the Gregorian calendar , which is followed everywhere today. The Gregorian dates are 13 days ahead of the Julian dates . 
• So by our calendar, the ‘February’ Revolution took place on 12th March and the ‘October’ Revolution took place on 7th November.

1792

• ‘ Marseillaise ’, a war song was written.

1815

• Giuseppe Mazzini , an Italian nationalist , conspired with others to convert Italy into a nation where all citizens will be equal .

1850s -1880s

• Debates over socialism in Russia . 

1871

• Paris Commune

1896-1897

• Strikes in textile industries

1898 

• Formation of the Russian Social Democratic Workers Party . 

1900

• Formation of Socialist Revolutionary Party

1902

• Strikes in the metal industry.

1905 

• The Bloody Sunday and the Revolution of 1905 .
• Socialists and trade unionists formed a Labour Party in Britain and a Socialist Party in France .

1914

• war broke out between two European alliances – Germany , Austria and Turkey ( the Central powers ) and France , Britain and Russia (later Italy and Romania ).

1917

22 February 1917

• a lockout took place at a factory on the right bank.

25 February 1917

• the government suspended the Duma

26 February 1917

• Demonstrators returned in force to the streets of the left bank of river Neva.

27 February 1917

• the Police Headquarters were ransacked .

2nd March 1917

• Abdication of the Tsar .

April 1917

• the Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin returned to Russia from his exile

July 1917

• demonstrations staged by the Bolsheviks were sternly repressed

16th October 1917

• Lenin persuaded the Petrograd Soviet and the Bolshevik Party to agree to a socialist seizure of power

24th October 1917

• Bolshevik uprising in Petrograd .

November 1917

• Most industries and banks were nationalised.

1918-20

• The Civil War

January

• the Assembly rejected Bolshevik measures and Lenin dismissed the Assembly .

1918

• clothing competition was organised to change the uniform of the army when the Soviet hat (budeonovka) was chosen.

March

• despite opposition from their political allies , the Bolsheviks made peace with Germany at Brest Litovsk . 

1919

• Formation of Comintern . 

1928

• Bolshevik party members toured the grain-producing areas , supervising enforced grain collections , and raiding ‘ kulaks ’ – the name for well-to-do peasants

1929

• Beginning of Collectivisation .