Question 4 - Case Based Questions (MCQ) - Chapter 6 Class 10 - Life Processes

Study the diagram of the human respiratory system  and answer any of the four questions (a) to (e).  

(a) The balloon-like structures present in ‘S’ is:  

(i) Nephron 

(ii) Alveoli  

(iii) Bronchi 

(iv) Bronchiole  

Answer

Here, S is lungs.

Alveoli are the balloon-like structures present in the lungs.

So, the correct answer is (ii).

(b) Which of these organs is surrounded by cartilaginous rings?   

(i) P 

(ii) Q  

(iii) R 

(iv) S  

Answer

Trachea is surrounded by C-shaped cartilaginous rings. They support the trachea while allowing it to move and flex while breathing.

So, the correct answer is (iii)

(c) Which of these statements is incorrect regarding  human lungs?  

(i) It is the secondary organ for respiration.  

(ii) It is located on the two sides of the heart.  

(iii) The membrane that encloses the lungs is the pleural membrane.  

(iv) The alveolar epithelium of the lungs is nonciliated epithelium.  

Answer

Let’s check options one by one

1. It is the secondary organ for respiration - Lungs are the primary organs for respiration. There is no secondary organ for respiration. So, this is incorrect

1. It is located on the two sides of the heart - This is correct
   
   
2. The membrane that encloses lungs is pleural membrane - This is correct
   
   
3. The alveolar epithelium of the lungs is nonciliated epithelium - The alveolar epithelium is non-ciliated which means that cilia/hair-like structures are absent. So, this is correct.

So, the correct answer is (i)

(d) Trachea is divided into two smaller tubes called  _________.  

(i) Bronchi 

(ii) Bronchioles  

(iii) Larynx 

(iv) Alveoli  

Answer

Trachea is divided into two smaller tubes called bronchi .   

So, the correct answer is (i)

(e) Which of these is the function of the balloon-like  structure present in the lungs?  

(i) Exchange of gases  

(ii) Absorption of nutrients  

(iii) Transport of food  

(iv) Removal of waste materials  

Answer

The balloon-like structures present in lungs are called Alveoli . 

Alveoli contain an extensive network of blood vessels, very thin walls and they increase the surface area of absorption of gases.

Therefore, their main function is absorption of gases.

So, the correct answer is (i) Exchange of gases