Difference between Acid and Base

Acid

Base

Acid when dissolved in water gives Hydrogen ions (H ⁺ ions)

Acid when dissolved in water gives Hydroxide ions (OH ^- ions)

Acids are sour in taste.

Bases are bitter in taste.

It has a pH value lower than 7.

It shows a pH value higher than 7.

Strength of Acid depends on Concentration of Hydrogen ions

Strength of Base depends on Concentration of Hydroxide ions

Acids react with bases to form salts.

Bases react with acids to form salts.

Acid turns blue litmus paper into red.

Bases turn red litmus paper into blue.

In Phenolphthalein , acid remains colourless

In Phenolphthalein , base gives pink color

Acid turns Methyl Orange from yellow to dark red color

In Base, Methyl Orange remains yellow

Acids are used in carbonated drinks, as a cleaning agent, in car batteries

Bases are used in soaps, detergents , as an antacid

Examples :
HCl (Hydrochloric Acid)

​​ H₂SO₄ (Sulphuric Acid)

H₂CO₃ (Carbonic Acid)

Examples :
NH 4 OH (Ammonium Hydroxide)

Ca(OH)₂ (Calcium Hydroxide)

NaOH (Sodium Hydroxide)