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What are the three types of plate boundaries and how do they affect the earth’s surface?
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The three types of plate boundaries are convergent, divergent, and transform.
- Convergent boundaries occur when two plates move towards each other and collide . This can result in the formation of mountains , volcanoes , trenches , and island arcs . For example, the Himalayas were formed by the collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates.
- Divergent boundaries occur when two plates move away from each other and create new crust . This can result in the formation of rift valleys , mid-ocean ridges , and seafloor spreading . For example, the Great Rift Valley in Africa was formed by the separation of the African and Arabian plates.
- Transform boundaries occur when two plates slide past each other horizontally . This can result in the formation of faults, earthquakes, and tsunamis . For example, the San Andreas Fault in California was formed by the movement of the Pacific and North American plates.
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