Question 2 - Match the following - Chapter 4 Class 9 History - Forest Society and Colonialism - History

Match the following :

Options:

A. (a)-(iv); (b)-(i); (c)-(v); (d)-(ii); (e)-(iii)
B. (a)-(iii); (b)-(v); (c)-(iv); (d)-(i); (e)-(ii)
C. (a)-(i); (b)-(iv); (c)-(v); (d)-(iii); (e)-(ii)
D. (a)-(iii); (b)-(iv); (c)-(ii); (d)-(i); (e)-(v)

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Answer

The correct option is: A. (a)-(iv); (b)-(i); (c)-(v); (d)-(ii); (e)-(iii)

Explanation

• Scientific forestry is a term that describes a system of forest management that was introduced by the British in India and other colonies. The main objective of this system was to increase the production of timber for various purposes , such as railways, shipbuilding, and construction. To achieve this, the British cut down old and natural forests and planted new ones in straight rows . So (a) matches with (iv).
  
  
• Shifting cultivation is a form of agriculture that is practiced by many tribal and peasant communities in different parts of the world, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. In this method, patches of land are cleared by cutting and burning of vegetation, and crops are grown for a few years until the soil becomes poor. Then, the cultivators move to another patch of land and repeat the process. This way, they maintain a balance between nature and human needs. So (b) matches with (i).
  
  
• Van Mahotsav is a festival of tree planting that was started in 1950 by K.M. Munshi , the Union Minister for Agriculture and Food at that time . He was also a famous writer and historian who had a keen interest in environmental issues. He initiated this festival to create awareness among people about the importance of forests and trees for ecological balance and human well-being. He also encouraged people to participate in afforestation and conservation activities. So (c) matches with (v).
  
  
• Chipko movement is a popular movement that began in 1973 in the Garhwal Himalayas, where women hugged trees to prevent them from being cut by contractors who had obtained permits from the forest department. The women argued that they had a right to protect their forests as they were essential for their survival and culture. So (d) matches with (ii).
  
  
• Bishnois are a community in Rajasthan that follows the teachings of Guru Jambheshwar, who laid down 29 principles for living, including the protection of trees and wildlife . He founded this sect in the 15th century as a response to the drought and famine that had affected his region. He taught his followers to conserve water, plant trees, avoid wastage, practice vegetarianism, and respect all forms of life. So (e) matches with (iii).

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