Rayon
It is like Artificial Silk
It is prepared from wood pulp
Wood Pulp is chemically treated to prepare rayon
Therefore it is neither a fully synthetic fibre nor a fully natural fibre
It can also be dyed in a variety of colours
It is mixed with cotton to make bedsheets.It is also mixed with wools to make carpets
Nylon
Nylon is the first fully synthetic fibre made by man without using raw materials.
It is prepared from coal, water and air (It is not made from any natural substance like wood)
It is strong,elastic,light weight and lustrous
Nylon absorbs very little water,so clothes made of nylon can dry easliy
They are very durable and long lasting
Nylon threads are stronger than the steel wire of the same thickness
It is used to make socks, ropes, tents, curtains,parachutes,ropes
Polyester
Polyester is also synthetic fibre
It is easy to wash and doesn’t get any wrinkles
Polyester is made from 2 words Poly and Ester
Poly means Many and Ester means chemical substance
Examples of Polyester
- PET -PET is the abbreviation of synthetic polymer called Poly-Ethylene Terephthalate. It is used to make plastic bottles
- Terrycot - It is used to make clothes
Example - Terrycot, Pollywool, Terrylene, Pet, Acrylic
Note :
Polycot is a mixture of polyester and cotton.
Polywool is a mixture of polyester and wool
Acrylic
Acrylic is a synthetic fibre which resembles wool. It is like artificial wool.
The wool obtained from natural sources is quite expensive, whereas clothes made from acrylic are relatively cheap.
Acrylic can be dyed very well,it resists shrinkage and wrinkles.
It is used to make Sock, Sweaters.
Examples of Various types of Synthetic Polymers are
Questions
NCERT Question 2 - Mark ( ) the correct answer:
Rayon is different from synthetic fibres because
(a) it has a silk like appearance
(b) it is obtained from wood pulp
(c) its fibres can also be woven like those of natural fibres
NCERT Question 13 - Match the terms of column I correctly with the phrases given in column II
|
Column I |
Column II |
|
(i) Polyester |
(a) Prepared by using wood pulp |
|
(ii) Teflon |
(b) Used for making parachutes and stockings |
|
(iii) Rayon |
(c) Used to make non-stick cookwares |
|
(iv) Nylon |
(d) Fabrics do not wrinkle easily |
NCERT Question 4 - Give examples which indicate that nylon fibres are very strong
