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You can try chromatography to find the number of components present in a food colour (green, orange, yellow, etc.) or in coloured mouth fresheners (fennel seeds).
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Spot a little of each food colour (or the colour washed from coloured fennel seeds) on chromatography paper and dip it in solvent. Count the separate bands that appear — each band is one component dye. A green colour, for example, may split into blue and yellow, showing it is a mixture.
