Question 2 - Case Based Questions - Chapter 4 Class 9 Geography - Climate - Geography

Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow:

There are six major controls of the climate of any place. They are: latitude, altitude, pressure and wind system, distance from the sea (continentality), ocean currents and relief features. Due to the curvature of the earth, the amount of solar energy received varies according to latitude. As a result, air temperature generally decreases from the equator towards the poles. As one goes from the surface of the earth to higher altitudes, the atmosphere becomes less dense and temperature decreases. The hills are therefore cooler during summers. The pressure and wind system of any area depend on the latitude and altitude of the place. Thus, it influences the temperature and rainfall pattern. The sea exerts a moderating influence on climate: As the distance from the sea increases, its moderating influence decreases and the people experience extreme weather conditions. This condition is known as continentality (i.e., very hot during summers and very cold during winters). Ocean currents along with onshore winds affect the climate of the coastal areas. For example, any coastal area with warm or cold currents flowing past it, will be warmed or cooled if the winds are onshore. Finally, relief too plays a major role in determining the climate of a place. High mountains act as barriers for cold or hot winds, they may also cause precipitation if they are high enough and lie in the path of rain bearing winds. The Leeward side of mountains remains relatively dry.

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option.

Question (i)

Due to the ______ of the earth, the amount of solar energy received varies according to latitude.

(a) circumference

(b) radius

(c) curvature

(d) diameter

Answer:

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From the Paragraph

They are: latitude, altitude, pressure and  wind system, distance from the sea (continentality),  ocean currents and relief features.  Due to the curvature of the earth, the amount of  solar energy received varies according to latitude .  As a result, air temperature generally decreases  from the equator towards the poles.

So, the correct answer is (c): curvature

Question (ii)

As one goes from the surface of the earth to higher altitudes, the _________ becomes less dense and temperature decreases.

(a) atmosphere

(b) biosphere

(c) hydrosphere

(d) lithosphere

Answer:

From the Paragraph

As a result, air temperature generally decreases  from the equator towards the poles. As one goes  from the surface of the earth to higher altitudes, the  atmosphere becomes less dense and temperature  decreases . The hills are therefore cooler during  summers.

So, the correct answer is (a):  atmosphere 

Question (iii)

What is the condition known as when it is very hot during summers and very cold during winters?

(a) Continuity of Climate

(b) Climatic Condition

(c) Continentality Climate

(d) Changing Climate

From the Paragraph

As the distance from the sea increases, its moderating influence decreases and  the people experience extreme weather conditions.  This condition is known as continentality (i.e., very  hot during summers and very cold during winters). 

So, the correct answer is (c): Continentality Climate 

Question (iv)

Relief feature plays a major role in determining:

(a) The temperature of a place

(b) The weather of a place

(c) The season of a place

(d) The climate of a place

Answer:

From the Paragraph

Finally, relief too plays a major role in determining  the climate of a place . High mountains act as  barriers for cold or hot winds, they may also cause  precipitation if they are high enough and lie in the  path of rain bearing winds.

So, the correct answer is (d): The climate of a place 

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