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Which of the following statements is false?
A. The Indian monsoon is a result of differential heating and cooling of land and sea.
B. The monsoon winds are affected by the presence of high and low pressure areas over Asia and the Indian Ocean.
C. The monsoon winds blow from the northeast in winter and from the southwest in summer.
D. The monsoon winds bring rainfall to most parts of India throughout the year.
Answer:
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The correct option is (D): The monsoon winds bring rainfall to most parts of India throughout the year.
Explanation:
Let’s check all the options
A) The Indian monsoon is a result of differential heating and cooling of land and sea.
This is
true
because during summer, the land gets heated faster than the sea, creating a low pressure area over the continent. This attracts moist winds from the sea, which bring rainfall to India. During winter, the land cools faster than the sea, creating a high pressure area over the continent. This causes dry winds to blow from the land to the sea, resulting in dry weather in India .
B) The monsoon winds are affected by the presence of high and low pressure areas over Asia and the Indian Ocean.
This is
true
because apart from the differential heating of land and sea, there are other factors that influence the monsoon winds, such as the Tibetan Plateau, the jet streams, the El Niño phenomenon, and the Indian Ocean Dipole . These factors create variations in the atmospheric pressure over Asia and the Indian Ocean, which affect the direction and intensity of the monsoon winds.
C) The monsoon winds blow from the northeast in winter and from the southwest in summer.
This is
true
because during winter, the high pressure area over Asia causes dry winds to blow from northeast to southwest, known as the northeast monsoon or retreating monsoon. During summer, the low pressure area over Asia attracts moist winds from southwest to northeast, known as the southwest monsoon or advancing monsoon.
D) The monsoon winds bring rainfall to most parts of India throughout the year. This is false because although the monsoon winds are responsible for most of India’s rainfall, they do not bring rainfall uniformly or continuously throughout the year. The southwest monsoon lasts from June to September and brings rainfall to most parts of India, except some areas in northwest India and Tamil Nadu . The northeast monsoon lasts from October to December and brings rainfall to some parts of south India, especially Tamil Nadu. The rest of the year is generally dry or has very little rainfall .
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