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Mehrgarh (in Pakistan) is the earliest known farming and pastoral settlement in the Indian subcontinent.
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It was here that humans first grew crops and tamed animals.
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The earliest evidence of settlement here dates to 7000 BCE.
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Charred grains and bones of animals have been found here.
- Archaeologists have divided this Stone Age site into several periods.
Period I (7000-5500 BCE)
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Wheat and Barley
were the main crops.
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Farmers kept
cattle, sheep, and goats
. Bones of all these animals have been found at the site.
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The
houses were simple mud structures
square or rectangular in shape. No pottery has been found.
- Burial sides are many in number. The graves contain objects such as s tone axes, ornaments of seashells, limestone, turquoise, lapis lazuli, and sandstone along with figures of women and animals.
Period II (5500-4800 BCE) & Period III ( 4800-3500 BCE)
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A lot of
evidence of manufacturing activity
has also been found.
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Glazed faience
beads were produced.
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Terracotta figurines
were detailed. Figurines of women had different hairstyles and ornaments and what decorated with paint.
- Burial goods were limited only to ornaments during this period.
