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One of the groups which looked to change society were the liberals. Liberals wanted a nation which tolerated all religions. We should remember that at this time European states usually discriminated in favour of one religion or another (Britain favoured the Church of England, Austria and Spain favoured the Catholic Church). Liberals also opposed the uncontrolled power of dynastic rulers. They wanted to safeguard the rights of individuals against governments. They argued for a representative elected parliamentary government, subject to laws interpreted by a welltrained judiciary that was independent of rulers and officials. However, they were not 'democrats'. They did not believe in universal adult franchise, that is, the right of every citizen to vote. They felt men of property mainly should have the vote. They also did not want the vote for women.
Question 2.1
What became one of the most significant and powerful ideas to shape society in the twentieth century through the revolution in Russia?
Answer
Socialism became one of the most significant and powerful ideas to shape society in the twentieth century.
Question 2.2
Which countries favoured the Catholic Church?
Answer
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