Plans Made by Indian Govt - 5 Year Perspective

What is a Plan?

Plan means thinking in advance what is to be done, how it is to be done and by whom it should be done.

What is a Plan in Economics?

A Plan is a list of goals an economy wants to achieve in a period of time

A plan spells out

How resources of a nation should be put to use

It has both general goals as well as specific objectives that are to be achieved over a period of time

How were Plans made by Indian Govt?

In India

Government made Plans for 5 year duration

These were called 5 Year plans

Note

India's plans did not specify each and every good that had to be produced

This was neither possible nor necessary

It specified only sectors where government will play a key role

Example - Power Generation Sector etc

What are Perspective Plans?

These were plans which specified long term objectives of economy over a period of 20 years

Our plan documents till 2017 not only specified what is to be achieved over next 5 years but also what were the

objectives to be achieved over the next 20 years

These 5 year plans formed the basis of perspective plans

When did 5 year Plans start in India

Five year Plan Duration

First 1951-56

Second 1956-61 -->This was called PC Mahanobis Model

Third 1961-66

Plan Holiday 1966-69

Fourth 1969-74

What was Plan Holiday

Plan Holiday Period was 1966-69

The government had to declare "plan holidays" (from 1966 to 1969) due to miserable failure of the Third Plan.

Which agency devised these 5 years Plans in India?

Planning Commission which was set up in 1950

Its Chairperson was the Prime Minister

National Development Council was established on 6 August 1952 to strengthen and consolidate national efforts

and resources to fund the Five Year Plan of the Planning Commission.

What was P.C. Mahalanobis Model?

This model of plan was Indianized from old Russian Model by scientist and statistician PC Mahalanobis in 1953

Mahalanobis model was used as framework for India's Second Five-Year Plan in 1955

Objective was to Industrialize the country by Govt investment in industry

What were the Goals of 5 Year Plans?

Goals of 5 Year plans were

1. Growth

It means increase in capacity to produce goods and service

2. Modernization

It means use of New technology for Increase in Output

3. Self Reliance

It means using own resources instead of resources imported from other nations

4. Equity

It means social justice and fairness to all sectors of society

Lets learn about these in Detail one by one

NCERT Questions

Question 1

Define a plan.

Question 2

Why did India opt for planning?

Question 3

Why should plans have goals?

MCQ Other Books

In the following questions, select the correct answers:

Question 1

When was the Planning commission set up?

1. 1949
2. 1950
3. 1956
4. 1850

Question 2

Which of the following is a goal of five year plan?

1. Growth
2. Green Revolution
3. Land Reforms
4. Modernization

Question 3

The first five year plan was launched for a period from ______.

1. 1948 - 1953
2. 1959 - 1954
3. 1951 - 1956
4. 1955 - 1960

Question 4

What was the Period of Plans prepared by the Planning Commission?

1. 3 years
2. 4 years
3. 5 years
4. 6 years

Question 5

Indian Planning Commission was constituted in:

1. 1947
2. 1950
3. 1951
4. 1971

Question 6

National Development Council has been Constituted in:

1. 1950
2. 1947
3. 1951
4. 1952

Question 7

First Five Year Plan was started on:

1. 15th August, 1947
2. 1st April, 1951
3. 2nd October, 1956
4. 1st July, 1962

Question 8

Plan Holiday Period was:

1. 1961-64
2. 1966-69
3. 1972-75
4. 1978-81

Question 9

Mahalanobis Model was adopted in Indian Planning in:

1. First Plan
2. Second Plan
3. Third Plan
4. Fourth Plan

Question 10

Which of the following statements is not true about the Planning commission?

1. The Planning Commission of India was established on 15th March, 1952.
2. Its objective was to evaluate the physical, capital and human resources and on this basis make programmes for the Plan Development and its evaluation.
3. The Planning Commission of India has now been dissolved in 2015.
4. It was replaced by National Institution for Transforming India (NITI) Aayog.

Question 11

Match the following items in Column A to those in Column B and choose the correct alternative:

1. 1 – (a)
2. 2 – (b)
3. 3 – (c)
4. 4 – (d)