I. Word Stress and Part of Speech
Read the highlighted word in the following sentence from the text.
That common good will present itself to you in many forms every day.
The same spelling can have different stress

preSENT (verb) — stress on the second syllable.

PREsent (noun) — stress on the first syllable.

I
Now, read aloud the given words with the correct syllable stress according to the part of speech given in the brackets.
Question 37
PROduce (noun)
pro DUCE (verb)
con TRACT (verb)
CON tract (noun)
PRO ject (noun)
pro JECT (verb)
con TENT (verb)
CON tent (noun)
RE fuse (noun)
re FUSE (verb)
How to answer: Say the stressed syllable more clearly and strongly than the unstressed syllable.
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PRO duce — noun
pro DUCE — verb
con TRACT — verb
CON tract — noun
PRO ject — noun
pro JECT — verb
con TENT — verb
CON tent — noun
RE fuse — noun
re FUSE — verb
II. The “-sure” Ending
Read the highlighted words in the following sentence from the text.
…but it becomes a possession that can be treasured and re-read over the years, with great, abiding pleasure .
“Zhuh” and “shuh” sounds

NCERT gives treasure [treh-Zhuh] and pleasure [pleh-Zhuh].

Some words ending in -sure have a “shuh” sound, as in pressure [preh-shuh].

II
Now, read aloud the words given below with the ‘shuh’ or ‘zhuh’ sound.
Question 38
measure leisure reassure enclosure exposure ensure seizure fissure composure unsure
How to answer: Say each word aloud and listen to the sound made by the -sure ending.
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“zhuh” sound
measure · leisure · enclosure · exposure · seizure · composure
“shuh” sound
reassure · ensure · fissure · unsure
III. Pausing and Chunking
Why do speakers pause?

Pausing and chunking split speech into smaller meaning-groups so that a listener can follow the idea more easily.

/ = shorter pause    // = longer pause
III.1
Read aloud the following lines from the poem. Now, read the lines once again by taking a shorter pause (/) or a long pause (//). Notice which version is easier for a listener to follow and understand.
Question 39
READ ALOUD
Don’t Quit — Edgar Albert Guest
When things go wrong, as they sometimes will,
when the road you’re trudging seems all uphill,
when the funds are low and the debts are high,
and you want to smile but you have to sigh,
when care is pressing you down a bit—rest if you must,
but don’t you quit.
NCERT chunked version:
When things go wrong,/as they sometimes will,//
when the road you’re trudging/seems all uphill,//
when the funds are low/and the debts are high,//
and you want to smile/but you have to sigh,//
when care is pressing you down a bit/—rest if you must,/
but don’t you quit.//

Have you listened to this song in Hindi or in your language? Share with your classmates and teacher.
How to answer: Read both versions aloud. The second version already shows the pauses; compare how easy each is to follow.
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Sample response: The version with / and // is easier to follow because the pauses divide the long sentences into clear meaning-groups. The last part is a sharing activity, so the response about a Hindi or regional-language version will vary.

III.2
Chunk the stanzas with (/) or (//) and read it aloud.
Question 40
Life is queer with its twists and turns.
As everyone of us sometimes learns.
And many a fellow turns about when he might
have won had he stuck it out.
Don’t give up though the pace seems slow—
you may succeed with another blow.
Often the goal is nearer than it seems to a faint and faltering man.
How to answer: Pause where one small idea finishes. A sensible chunking may differ slightly between speakers.
View Suggested Chunking Hide Answer

One possible chunking:

Life is queer / with its twists and turns. //
As everyone of us / sometimes learns. //
And many a fellow turns about / when he might have won / had he stuck it out. //
Don’t give up / though the pace seems slow— //
you may succeed / with another blow. //
Often the goal is nearer / than it seems / to a faint and faltering man. //

Note: More than one sensible chunking is possible if the meaning remains clear.

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