Important 2 Marks Questions (English Communicative)

The Buddhist wall paintings at Ajanta, dating to the 2nd century CE, show pankhas being used in ancient India. This reveals that hand fans existed and were in use at least two thousand years ago, confirming the deep antiquity of the pankha tradition.

Ajanta ki paintings (2nd CE) mein pankha hai = pankha 2000 saal se zyada purana hai . Bohot gahra historical proof.

The appliqué pankha uses fabric pieces sewn onto cloth with ornamental needlework. The zardozi pankha, by contrast, uses glittering, ornate, encrusted gold threadwork. The appliqué is a textile technique; the zardozi is a metallic embroidery technique, making it more opulent and expensive.

Appliqué = kapda + stitching. Zardozi = gold thread embroidery . Dono Rajasthan se, lekin technique aur richness alag.

Gujarat’s bead-covered fans with silver handles are so intricate and decorative that using them as functional fans would risk damaging the delicate beadwork. Their beauty and craftsmanship make them more suitable as wall displays, where they can be appreciated as art objects.

Bead fan itna beautiful aur intricate hai ki agar use karo toh beads toot sakte hain . Isliye yeh art object hai, functional fan nahi.

‘Runs the risk’ means is in danger of something negative happening. In ‘Winds of Change,’ the pankha culture runs the risk of slowly losing its presence — meaning the traditional craft may gradually disappear from Indian life as electric fans and air conditioners replace hand fans.

'Runs the risk' = kisi buri cheez ke hone ka darr . Essay mein: pankha culture slowly khatam hone ka risk hai.

A personal use craft is made for the maker’s own household or community, not for sale. A commercial craft is made to be sold for income. Pankhas were originally personal — made for cooling oneself — and have now become commercial products sold at exhibitions and craft fairs.

Personal use = ghar ke liye banao. Commercial = bechne ke liye banao . Pankha: pehle personal tha, ab commercial business ban gaya hai.

Johnsy is seriously ill with pneumonia and has mentally surrendered to death. She fixates on the falling ivy leaves outside the window and tells herself that when the last leaf falls, she too will die. This shows how illness has distorted her reasoning and destroyed her will to live.

Johnsy ko pneumonia hai aur woh jeena nahi chahti . Usne man mein bana liya: last leaf girega = main maroongi. Bimari ne uski thinking bigaad di.