8.9 A Deeper Look into Atomic Structure

Last updated at July 16, 2026 by

đź’ˇ Twins and look-alikes

Atoms of the same element can be “twins” of different weight (isotopes). And atoms of different elements can weigh the same (isobars). Let us meet both.

How do isotopes differ from isobars?
Atoms compared Same Z or same A?
1. Isotopes
Same Z, different A
Example: Carbon-12 and carbon-14
2. Isobars
Same A, different Z
Example: Calcium-40 and argon-40
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