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Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follows:
A We have shared our land with the past generations and will have to do so with the future generations too. Ninety-five per cent of our basic needs for food, shelter and clothing are obtained from land. Human activities have not only brought about degradation of land but have also aggravated the pace of natural forces to cause damage to land. Some human activities such as deforestation, over grazing, mining and quarrying too have contributed significantly in land degradation. Mining sites are abandoned after excavation work is complete leaving deep scars and traces of overburdening. In states like Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha deforestation due to mining have caused severe land degradation. In states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra overgrazing is one of the main reasons for land degradation. In the states of Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh, over irrigation is responsible for land degradation due to water logging leading to increase in salinity and alkalinity in the soil. The mineral processing like grinding of limestone for cement industry and calcite and soapstone for ceramic industry generate huge quantity of dust in the atmosphere. It retards the process of infiltration of water into the soil after it settles down on the land. In recent years, industrial effluents as waste have become a major source of land and water pollution in many parts of the country.
Question (i)
With whom do we share our land?
(a) enemies
(b) oceans and seas
(c) China
(d) Past and future generations
Answer:
From the paragraph
We have shared our land with the past generations and will have to do so with the future generations too . Ninety-five per cent of our basic needs for food, shelter and clothing are obtained from land.
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So, the correct answer is (D) - Past and Future Generations
Question (ii)
Name some Indian states which are deforested due to mining and overgrazing activities.
(a) Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh
(b) Karnataka, Kerala
(c) Ladakh and Kashmir
(d) Lakshadweep
Answer:
From the paragraph
Mining sites are abandoned after excavation work is complete leaving deep scars and traces of overburdening. In states like J harkhand, Chhattisgarh , Madhya Pradesh and Odisha deforestation due to mining have caused severe land degradation.
So, the correct answer is (A) - Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh
Question (iii)
What harm does the mineral processing and cement industry do to the environment and land?
(a) helps in growing of trees
(b) generates huge quantity of dust in the atmosphere
(c) Kills animals
(d) None of these
Answer:
From the paragraph
The mineral processing like grinding of limestone for cement industry and calcite and soapstone for ceramic industry generate huge quantities of dust in the atmosphere.
So, the correct answer is (B) - Generates huge quantity of dust in the atmosphere
Question (iv)
Which of the following activity leads land degradation?
(a) Quarrying
(b) Mining
(c) Afforestation
(d) Both 'a' and 'b'
Answer:
(d) Both 'a' and 'b'
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