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Question
Choose the correct statement. (i) Vessel R is filled with water; when pouring stops, the water level will be (a) highest in P, (b) highest in Q, (c) highest in R, (d) equal in all three. (ii) Sucker M is pressed on a smooth surface and identical sucker N on a rough surface: (a) both stick, (b) neither sticks, (c) M sticks but N does not, (d) N sticks but M does not. (iii) A roof water tank is at height H; for more pressure on the ground floor, one should (a) increase H, (b) decrease H, (c) use a wider tank, (d) use a smaller tank. (iv) Two vessels A and B have water to the same level; comparing pressure P and force F at the bottom.
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Answer
(i) (d) equal in all three vessels; (ii) (c) M sticks but N does not; (iii) (a) increase the height H; (iv) (a) Pₐ = P₋, Fₐ = F₋.
Explanation
- (i) Connected vessels fill to the same level because liquid pressure depends on height, not shape.
- (ii) A sucker needs a smooth surface so air can be pushed out; on a rough surface air leaks in, so N does not stick.
- (iii) A taller water column gives greater pressure, so raising the tank increases the pressure.
- (iv) Same water height gives the same pressure; with equal base areas the force at the bottom is also equal.
Liquid level depends on height; a sucker needs a smooth surface; raising a tank raises pressure.
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