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Thinking Like a Scientist
- Anyone can be a little scientist
- All it takes is curiosity
- Ask why, how and what
- Use observation and experiments
- Draw conclusions based on evidence
Example 1 — Mita's question
- plants near the window grew taller
- she wondered if sunlight mattered
- so she designed an experiment
Example 2 — Mita's conclusion
- sunny plant grew tall and green
- dim-light plant stayed short and pale
- sunlight helps plants make food
Important Points
- Mita kept water, room and air conditions the same so only light differed.
- By asking a question, experimenting, observing and concluding, Mita thought like a scientist.
- Scientific thinking helps us solve problems and decide based on evidence, not guesses.
Definition — Scientific Thinking
Scientific thinking means investigating the world through a systematic approach and making decisions based on evidence rather than guesses.
Our Home — The Planet Earth
- Earth is the planet where life exists
- Liquid water supports life here
- The ozone layer and gravity help too
- Such factors make a planet habitable
- Human activity harms nature's balance
Example 1 — Factors for life
- presence of liquid water
- an ozone layer for protection
- gravity to hold the atmosphere
Example 2 — Harm to nature
- rising sea levels and flooding
- loss of biodiversity
- severe pollution causing diseases
Important Points
- Some factors decide if a planet is habitable or not.
- Microorganisms like fungi and bacteria help remove waste from nature.
- Human activities interfere with nature's balance, seen in rising seas and pollution.
Definition — Habitable Planet
A habitable planet means a planet, like the Earth, where factors such as liquid water, an ozone layer and gravity allow life to exist.
Objective Type Questions Q3(e) - Page 14 Lakhmir Singh
Question
State whether true or false: Rising water level can flood the low-lying areas.
Show answer
True
Explanation
- Rising sea levels, caused by human activity, can flood low-lying areas.
