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Extract from the Text
Today, the women behind ISRO’s Mars Orbiter Mission and Chandrayaan-3 are celebrated... However, the foundation was laid by early pioneers like Bibha Chowdhuri—India’s first woman physicist—who carved a path in the male-dominated field of physics.
Summary in Bullet Points
- The chapter begins in the present, with women scientists who are publicly celebrated.
- It then moves backwards to show that this visibility rests on earlier pioneers.
- Bibha is presented not simply as an individual scientist but as someone who opened a path in a field dominated by men.
Board Pattern
Questions Mapped to Exam Format
Short Answer
2 marks
Why does the writer begin with modern women in ISRO before introducing Bibha?
2 Marks
How to answer:
Give the main idea and one supporting detail.
View Answer
Answer: The contrast helps readers see progress. Modern visibility makes it easier to understand how unusual and difficult Bibha’s earlier position was.
Longer Short Answer
3 marks
How does the opening establish the chapter’s main argument?
3 Marks
How to answer:
Explain the point and show why it matters in the chapter.
View Answer
Answer: It argues that today’s achievements did not appear suddenly; they were built on the persistence of earlier women scientists who entered spaces where women had limited access.
