NCERT Questions (from the Textbook)
Alliteration and Metaphor

(From "Vocabulary and Structures in Context") See full Vocabulary and Structures in Context section

Alliteration and Metaphor
Identify examples of alliteration and metaphor in the extract: "Khetaram’s khaki turban and uniform are his only protection against the desert’s furies, the scorching summer winds and swirling sandstorms which turn him into a walking sandman."
How to answer: For alliteration, look for repeated sounds. For metaphor, look for non-literal description.
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Alliteration: “Khetaram’s khaki”, “scorching summer”, and “swirling sandstorms” repeat consonant sounds.

Metaphor/personification: “desert’s furies” presents the desert as an angry force. “Walking sandman” metaphorically describes Khetaram covered with sand.

Practice Board Pattern Questions Mapped to Exam Format
Khetaram may have to cover 20 km for a single delivery. Regulations say his load cannot exceed 28 kilos, yet in summer even one delivery is exhausting. Sandstorms cover him until he becomes like a walking sandman.
  • The physical difficulty of the job is shown through distance, weight and temperature. 20 km, 28 kilos, 50 degrees = factual details that make the hardship concrete.

    Yaar numbers sunno: 20 km paidal, 28 kilo bag, 50 degree garmi. Itne mein toh normal banda ghar pe hi baith jaata. Khetaram yeh roz karte hain. Sirf ek word hai — dedication.

  • Sometimes heat forces him to postpone deliveries till after sundown. survival = duty continues, but the body has limits.

    50 degree mein duty? Bhai, sundown ke baad jaana padta hai — raat ko. Duty chhodni nahi, sirf time adjust karna. Yeh survival aur zimmedaari dono ek saath nibhana hai.

  • His turban and uniform are his only protection against desert furies. desert’s furies = metaphor/personification for harsh winds and sandstorms.

    "Desert's furies" = desert ki gusse wali taakat — garmi, raat ki thandi, dhool. Khetaram ke paas sirf pagdi aur uniform hai — koi AC truck nahi, koi sunscreen nahi. Phir bhi kaam karte hain yaar.

Hinglish explanation: Khetaram ka kaam heroic isliye hai kyunki hardship specific hai: 20 km walk, heavy mailbag, 50 degree heat, sandstorm. “Walking sandman” image dikhata hai ki desert literally uske body par chipak jaata hai. Duty simple nahi, physical endurance hai.

Fill in the Blank. 1 mark
Khetaram says even a single delivery is tiring because he may have to cover __________ km for it.
How to answer: Use the exact distance mentioned by Khetaram.
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The correct answer is 20 km .

20 km — exactly wahi number jo text mein hai. Ek delivery ke liye bhi 20 km cover karne pad sakte hain. Ek delivery — 20 km. Simple math, bada sacrifice.

MCQ. 1 mark
Which phrase best shows the harshness of the desert?
How to answer: Choose the image that shows Khetaram being covered by sand.
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The correct answer is D. walking sandman .

"Desert's furies" — "furies" matlab gusse wali shaktiyan. Desert ko angry force ki tarah treat kiya hai. Personification + harshness = best phrase. Exact quote karo answer mein yaar.

Short Answer. 2 marks
Why does the writer include exact numbers such as 20 km, 28 kilos and 50 degrees celsius?
How to answer: Explain the function of factual detail, not just the facts themselves.
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The exact numbers make Khetaram’s hardship believable and concrete. Instead of merely saying that his work is difficult, the writer shows the physical scale of the difficulty: long walking distance, heavy load and extreme heat.

Numbers se credibility aati hai — 20 km, 28 kilo, 50 degree. Abstract nahi — concrete. Reader ko exactly pata chalti hai kitni mushkil hai. Yaar, data ka impact hota hai.

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