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Question
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are two important organelles in a plant cell. Discuss how these two organelles are structurally and functionally similar to each other, and different from each other.
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Answer
They share structure but differ in function.
Explanation
| Feature | Mitochondrion | Chloroplast |
|---|---|---|
| Membranes | Double-membrane-bound. | Double-membrane-bound. |
| Own DNA and ribosomes | Yes. | Yes. |
| Main function | Releases energy (respiration). | Makes food (photosynthesis). |
| Pigment | No chlorophyll. | Has chlorophyll. |
Both have double membranes and own DNA, but do different jobs.
Mitochondria vs Chloroplasts
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
In all eukaryotic cells.
Only in plant cells.
Release energy (ATP).
Make food by photosynthesis.
Have their own DNA.
Have their own DNA.
